Unlike conventional filtration and natural osmosis processes, which rely on osmotic pressure and gravity-driven water movement through porous media, RO membranes operate by using pressure generated by a high-pressure pump. This pressure forces water molecules through the semi-permeable membrane while rejecting dissolved salts, heavy metals, organic compounds, and other contaminants.
During the filtration process, contaminants are concentrated and carried away by the reject stream (brine), while purified water passes through the membrane. Similar to the filtration function of the human kidney, the RO membrane effectively separates impurities from water. With a pore size of approximately 0.0001 micron, RO membranes can remove most dissolved chemicals, metals, and bacteria, producing high-quality purified water.
RO Membrane Structure
A larger membrane area may provide higher productivity while maintaining lower permeate flux and higher cross-flow velocity.
Feed/brine spacers ranging from 26 to 34 mil have been proven suitable for surface water applications.
Manufacturing quality standards are critical, including adhesive integrity, FRP outer wrapping quality, and the absence of membrane wrinkles or defects.
Purified drinking water production
Ice manufacturing
High-purity water for the food & beverage, pharmaceutical, and healthcare industries
Process water supply for various industrial applications
Seawater desalination
Wastewater reclamation and reuse
